Chad Williams, Associate Professor of African and Afro-American Studies at Brandeis University, draws on his research about African Americans in World War I to shine a light on the relationship between African Americans and patriotism.  “I see the decision by the NFL as an unmistakable attempt to police the actions of its majority black work force, impose what amounts to a loyalty oath, and enforce through intimidation and threat a narrow definition of patriotism. The message is clear: Either demonstrate unqualified devotion to the United States or be punished.”  Read the complete essay by clicking here.